Programming
We track 47 posts about Programming from 25 engineering blogs. Most active: Henrik Warne, Oona Räisänen, Real Python. Latest post: Oct 9, 2026.
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A Treatise on Model Oriented Programming Languages (opens on the source site)
Thirteen years ago I developed to my knowledge the first and currently the only fully featured model oriented programming language and IDE. I utilized this technology (Mo+) to great effect on my own and workplace enterprise projects, but failed to sell the ideas to a wider audience. Six years ago I left my software engineering career in favor of wielding an ax and building Viking and Anglo Saxon ships in Norway, UK and other future places in Scandinavia. Even so, I still think about model oriented programming from time to time and its potential. The purpose of this article is not about the…
11 Beginner Tips for Learning Python Programming (opens on the source site)
We are so excited that you have decided to embark on the journey of learning Python! One of the most common questions we receive from our readers is “What’s the best way to learn Python?” I believe that the first step in learning any programming language is making sure that you understand how to learn. Learning how to learn is arguably the most critical skill involved in computer programming. Why is knowing how to learn so important? The answer is simple: as languages evolve, libraries are created, and tools are upgraded. Knowing how to learn will be essential to keeping up with these changes…
Quiz: Pygame: A Primer on Game Programming in Python (opens on the source site)
In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Pygame: A Primer on Game Programming in Python. By working through these questions, you’ll revisit how to set up a display, draw onto a Surface, run a game loop, read keyboard input, organize your sprites into groups, detect collisions, and keep your frame rate under control. These are the building blocks behind every game you’ll write with pygame, so getting a solid grip on them makes your next project a lot smoother. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python Tricks 💌 – Get a short & sweet Python Trick delivered to your inbox every couple of days.…
What We Built for Medium Editors This Year (and What I Broke) (opens on the source site)
Medium ·
A behind-the-scenes look at bulk declines, decline reasons, a content calendar, and one very bad hourA few months ago, we took an honest look at publications on Medium and asked if they were succeeding. Were users incentivized to create quality publications on Medium?We had the Boost Nomination Program, which was helpful for the cohort that was selected, but we didn’t have any signal that the BNP was motivating for other users. Were we getting higher quality articles as a result of BNP?So we asked ourselves “How can we reward good editors for their editorial work and make it clear how others…
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python (opens on the source site)
Object-oriented programming (OOP) in Python helps you structure your code by grouping related data and behaviors into objects. You start by defining classes, which act as blueprints, and then create objects from them. OOP simplifies modeling real-world concepts in your programs and enables you to build systems that are more reusable and scalable. By the end of this tutorial, you’ll understand that: Object-oriented programming in Python involves creating classes as blueprints for objects. These objects contain data and the methods needed to manipulate that data. The four key concepts of OOP in…
Prompt-Driven Development: Building with GitHub Copilot Coding Agents (opens on the source site)
We used GitHub Copilot coding agents to build an app across different time zones. The AI wrote the code, but prompts, tests, guardrails, and pull requests made it software development rather than vibe coding.
Pair Programming With Your AI Agent (opens on the source site)
Blundell's Android Tutorials ·
This post explains how to treat a session with a local AI agent as a pair programming session, and how the four classic pairing styles map onto working with one. I’ll use Antigravity CLI for the concrete examples, though nothing here is specific to it. Swap in whichever agent sits in your terminal. The idea […] The post Pair Programming With Your AI Agent first appeared on Blundell.
Async Programming in Python: From Generators to asyncio (opens on the source site)
Learn how Python async programming works. Write async functions with async and await, and run slow I/O operations concurrently with asyncio.
Quiz: Async Programming in Python: From Generators to asyncio (opens on the source site)
Test your understanding of async features in Python, including async and await, blocking versus non-blocking code, and the event loop.
How to fix a weird pandas and pyarrow issue with BirdNetPi (opens on the source site)
Summary: If you get Python crashing immediately in BirdNetPi, try uninstalling the pyarrow Python package. I’ve got a BirdNetPi set up at home. This is a bit of software that runs on a Raspberry Pi and listens on a microphone (I’ve mounted mine on the outside of an upstairs window, using a 3D printed mount/cover […]
The best workflow engine is a programming language (opens on the source site)
Vercel ·
The idea of orchestrating long-running, stateful logic on top of unreliable, stateless infrastructure isn't new. We've had message queues, job runners, microservice choreographies, and full-blown workflow engines for a long time. What we never had was a version of it that felt good to write. I'd spent about six months working on a fork of Temporal, mostly on weekends, trying to turn it into a serverless answer with DX that felt more Vercel-native. Eventually it dawned on me that to ship that experience, I'd need to own the execution environment too. So I dropped the fork, joined Vercel, and…
Some recent, and not so recent, talks and activities (opens on the source site)
There has been a long gap between posts (again!), and a lot of the stuff that I’m going to talk about in this post is fairly old too. Oh well, life keeps getting in the way of blogging. Anyway, I’ve recently submitted a talk for the FOSS4G UK 2026 conference in Leeds in October, and […]
Lessons Learned from Fixing Flaky Tests with Claude (opens on the source site)
We recently sped up our integration tests by a factor of ten by running many of them in parallel. There were several flaky tests in the new test suite. Claude was really useful in getting rid of almost all flakyness, … Continue reading →
When Escape Routes Become Toll Roads: Mapping How Developers Move Between Programming Languages (opens on the source site)
Kotlin ·
TL;DR: This post relates findings about language migration from the 2025 State of Developer Ecosystem survey. In general, project requirements are still the most common reasons for switching languages. One outlier from this trend, however, is Kotlin. People switch to Kotlin not because they have to; they switch because it simply feels better to work […]
How does programming language affect token efficiency and correctness? (opens on the source site)
Dan Luu ·
This somewhat widely cited post (I keep seeing it cited, anyway) suggests that dynamic languages and/or languages that represent things more concisely are more token efficient. It seems to be cited enough that LLM search results agree. For example, when I searched for "dynamic vs static language token cost" (no quotes), Google's AI summary opened with Dynamically typed languages generally have a lower LLM token cost than traditional statically typed languages because omitting explicit type declarations makes the code more compact. Google's AI cited the same post, which suggests that some…
How we built the new Table of Contents feature (opens on the source site)
Medium ·
How a feature goes from idea to prototype to shippedFor years, there’s been this really popular Chrome extension for adding a table of contents to your Medium stories. Props to Vinicius De Antoni for writing a popular chrome extension all those years go.The extension was so popular, we even wrote about it in our Medium Handbook.How to make a table of contents for your Medium storyThe fact that it was so popular was a signal to me. There was a decent size of our user base that wanted this feature. So, at first I set out to just copy it.The Chrome extension extends the popup menu we have in the…
On programming languages, targets, and platforms (opens on the source site)
I started as a Java developer, but for some time now, I have broadened my horizons. Recently, I thought about how early languages were dedicated to a single target and platform, and now they are broadening their focus. In this post, I want to write down my thoughts in the hope that it may be useful to others, probably to my future self. Definitions You may have been wondering about the title terms.
Formal methods and the future of programming (opens on the source site)
I’ve been telling people for the last 25 years that Jane Street as an organization was just not interested in formal methods.
With Claude: Less Coding, More Testing (opens on the source site)
Having used Claude Code for a few months now, I have noticed how software development has changed for me. I write a lot less code, but I spend more time understanding and testing the code Claude has written. The proportions … Continue reading →
How we improved image download sizes on Medium with just four characters (opens on the source site)
Medium ·
HTML images just got better, with the subtlest change to your codebasePhoto by Adi SuyatnoI know what you’re thinking.Scott, I landed on Medium on a small but not mobile-small display and the download chunk related to images in my home feed was like 7% smaller.First of all, thank you for noticing.Second, what if I told you that you too can improve your total asset download size by adding just four characters to your code base?Sounds too good to be true, right? Well, I’m here to tell you, it’s true… after I explain how we got here.The history of images on the webAs a web developer, you’ve…
Declarative vs. Imperative Programming: A Practical Guide for Choosing the Right Paradigm (opens on the source site)
Toptal ·
Deep understanding of declarative versus imperative programming shapes how developers write, run, and maintain code. This guide explains the differences, challenges, and when to choose each approach.
Functional Pipelines (opens on the source site)
One of the major shifts in developer ergonomics has been the introduction of functional pipelines to most popular languages. A pipeline is a chain of operations on a set of data that transforms the data into another shape or value. It is made functional by using lambda functions as the primary way of specifying behavior. git ls-files | grep -o "\.\w*$" | sort | uniq -c Linux has always been built around this idea; programs accept text input and produce text output. This allows you to chain programs together with pipes (|). The above example finds all tracked files in a git repo, then matches…
In Praise of –dry-run (opens on the source site)
For the last few months, I have been developing a new reporting application. Early on, I decided to add a –dry-run option to the run command. This turned out to be quite useful – I have used it many times … Continue reading →
Automatic programming (opens on the source site)
Antirez ·
In my YouTube channel, for some time now I started to refer to the process of writing software using AI assistance (soon to become just "the process of writing software", I believe) with the term "Automatic Programming". In case you didn't notice, automatic programming produces vastly different results with the same LLMs depending on the human that is guiding the process with their intuition, design, continuous steering and idea of software. Please, stop saying "Claude vibe coded this software for me". Vibe coding is the process of generating software using AI without being part of the…
Flatten function/operation in functional programming (opens on the source site)
Flatten function/operation is what you want to apply to source code tree written in Java, like this: ├── hadoop-client-integration-tests │ ├── pom.xml │ └── src │ └── test │ ├── java │ │ └── org │ │ └── apache │ │ └── hadoop │ │ └── example │ │ ├── ITUseHadoopCodecs.java │ │ └── ITUseMiniCluster.java │ └── resources │ ├── hdfs-site.xml │ └── log4j.properties (the post first published at 20251208.) List of my other blog posts. Subscribe to my news feed, If you noticed a typo/bug/error or have any suggestions, do not hesitate to drop me a note: my emails. Or use my zulip for feedback. Or…
Mob Programming: Smells Like Team Spirit (opens on the source site)
Trivago ·
Mob programming often sparks hot takes. “It’s counter‑productive.” “One person could do it faster.” “Why waste five people on one keyboard?” If that’s what it looks like in your head—one senior typing while others half‑listen—that wasn’t mob programming. Real mob programming is structured collaboration that turns a team’s combined attention into forward motion. What is mob programming? Before I get into the use cases, here’s a clear definition and a few basic ground rules—consider it a TL;DR of sorts . “All the brilliant minds working on the same thing, at the same time, in the same space.” —…
Engineering stories behind the Medium Daily Digest Algorithm: Part 4 (opens on the source site)
Medium ·
Cross-Digest diversificationIn this part 4, we’ll see how we went from investigating a few complaints from digest power users to improving our digest recommendations across the board.Intro: This is a 4-part series breaking down improvements to the algorithm behind the Medium’s Daily Digest over the past year. When we started this work, the Digest was suboptimal — and since it’s a huge distribution surface, reaching millions of readers every day, we started working on incremental improvements.By the end of these projects, the digest was 10% more likely to convert users to paying members, less…
Lessons From 9 More Years of Tricky Bugs (opens on the source site)
Since 2002, I have been keeping track of all the tricky bugs I have come across. Nine years ago, I wrote a blog post with the lessons learned from the bugs up till then. Now I have reviewed all the … Continue reading →
More links – June 2025 (opens on the source site)
I’ve got into a bit of a habit of writing occasional posts with links to interesting things I’ve found (probably because it’s a relatively easy blog post to write). This is another of those posts – this time, written in June 2025. So, let’s get on with some links: Why COUNT(*) can be slow in […]
Learning resources for GIS in Python with cloud-native geospatial, PostGIS and more (opens on the source site)
I recently gave a careers talk to students at Solent University, and through that I got to know a MSc student there who had previous GIS experience and was now doing a Data Analytics and AI MSc course. Her GIS experience was mostly in the ESRI stack (ArcGIS and related tools) and she was keen […]
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